Population Standard Deviation Symbol (σ)

Population Standard Deviation Symbol

Greek small sigma commonly represents population standard deviation.

Codes for σ

Unicode
HTML entity
HTML decimal
HTML hexadecimal
CSS escape
JavaScript

How to Type σ on Windows and Word

For the most reliable Windows method, copy the symbol from this page. In Microsoft Word, type 03C3 and press Alt+X. Word converts the hexadecimal Unicode value into σ. Press Alt+X again to switch the symbol back to its code.

How to Type σ on Mac, Chromebook, and Linux

On a Mac, open Character Viewer with Control+Command+Space, search for “Population Standard Deviation Symbol”, and insert it. Chromebook users can copy the symbol or use the Unicode input method where supported. On Linux, press Ctrl+Shift+U, type 03c3, and press Enter.

Examples and Correct Usage

Use σ for a population standard deviation and s for a sample standard deviation unless a field uses a different convention.

Use the actual Unicode character rather than a visually similar keyboard substitute when the distinction matters in mathematics, science, accessibility, searching, or data processing.